Loud noises, such as his clock's alarm, cause Cooper to startle into a state of high awareness. Just before the alarm goes off, the clock makes a light clicking noise, which initially Cooper didn't even notice. Now that he has had the clock for some time, Cooper has found that he startles into wakefulness when the clock makes the clicking noise, before the alarm even goes off. In this example, the unconditioned stimulus is:
a. the alarm
b. the clicking noise
c. the state of high awareness
d. turning the alarm off
a. the alarm
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