What is Paradigm?
A model or framework from which to view a phenomenon.
What is Trephining?
Tools, probably of stone, were used to make a sizable hole in the skull, possibly with the intent of permitting entrapped demons to escape.
What is Demonology?
The belief that possession by demons or spirits explains abnormal behavior.
What is Dance Manias?
Episodes of apparent mass madness in which groups of people danced in the streets.
What is Dissociative Identity Disorder?
Rare dissociative reaction in which relatively separate and distinctive personalities develop within the same person.
What is Organic View?
Belief that abnormal behavior is caused primarily by biological factors.
What is Dualism?
The belief that mind and body are separate, and follow different laws.
What is Lunatics?
Those whose mental problems were traceable to the phases of the moon.
What is General Paresis?
Severe disorder characterized by various mental symptoms as well as bodily paralyses; caused by a syphilitic infection of the brain.
What is Malarial Fever Therapy?
A treatment for general paresis that involved infecting the patient with malaria to cause a high fever.
What is Hysteria?
A condition that includes emotional arousal and physical symptoms that seem to have no organic basis.
What is Mesmerism?
Closely related to the phenomenon of hypnosis; derived from the techniques of Anton Mesmer.
What is Hypnosis?
A trancelike state induced through suggestion in cooperative subjects.
What is Anesthesia?
A lack of ordinary sensation in the skin; the body surface becomes insensitive to touch, pain, or heat.
What is Hemianesthesia?
The whole of one side of the body became insensitive.
What is Abasia?
The inability to walk.
What is Glove or Sleeve Anesthesias?
The insensitive area of the hand or arm corresponded with that which would be covered by a glove or sleeve.
What is Glove or Sleeve Anesthesias?
Hysterical patients, instead of being worried or depressed about their physical symptoms, appeared calm and indeed quite cheerful.
What is Autosuggestion?
A process something like self-hypnosis.
What is Unconditioned Stimulus?
Stimulus that is naturally capable of eliciting the unconditioned response.
What is Unconditioned Response?
Response that occurs naturally or innately to an unconditioned stimulus.
What is Conditioned Stimulus?
An originally neutral stimulus that becomes capable of eliciting a conditioned response after repeated pairing with an unconditioned stimulus.
What is Conditioned Response?
A response that is elicited by a conditioned stimulus after repeated pairing with an unconditioned stimulus.
What is Extinction?
Repeated presentation of the conditioned stimulus without the unconditioned stimulus; the frequency and strength of conditioned responses tend to decrease, eventually to zero.
What is Spontaneous Recovery?
The brief reappearance of the conditioned response with occasional presentation of the conditioned stimulus.
What is Generalization?
Responding similarly to similar stimuli.
What is Discrimination?
Narrowing the range of controlling stimuli for a response.
What is Operant Conditioning?
Type of learning in which the consequences of a response control its occurrence.
What is Pavlovian Conditioning?
Learning process whereby a formerly neutral stimulus comes to elicit a response as a result of pairing with an unconditioned stimulus.
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